Paintings manifest the thoughts and visions of human beings through the language of art. A wide array of painting styles, methods and techniques has enhanced the horizon of painting making it more enriched and versatile. Painting has undergone variety of experiments under the hands of the master artists, which resulted into a vast selection of painting styles. The core philosophy behind the artwork, the painting styles introduce us to the various movements and schools of art. A single style also serves as a record of a particular historical period and culture prevalent during the time. Painters generally opt a particular painting style and carve their portraits typifying that specific style. Hence it is very necessary to read the various painting styles to understand the subtle strokes of each artwork.
The painting styles are visible with the emergence of 'Romanesque Art' in the eleventh century. The Romanesque paintings characterized by decorative leaf motifs are to be viewed in all Roman imperial structures. The 'Gothic Style of Paintings' evolved in the mid twelfth century in the form of frescos, panel paintings, manuscripts and stained glasses.
Oil and canvas paintings became popular in the later time with the origin of the 'Renaissance Style of Art' in the fourteenth century. Art became more realistic and secular through linear forms, anatomical shapes and use of light and shadow. The legendaries of paintings Raphael, Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci were artists of the Renaissance period. 'Baroque Style of Painting' evolved in the seventeenth century with the 'Baroque Cultural Movement'. Highly passionate, the paintings enlivened an ongoing action into art.
The 'Impressionism' of the nineteenth century world is articulated through 'Impressionistic Paintings'. Ordinary themes from the nature and surrounding world were painted through distinct brush strokes. 'Pointillism' invoked a new technique of painting where tiny dots of primary colors were blended to form an image creating an impression of miscellaneous colors. 'Expressionistic Paintings' of the early twentieth century are artistic expressions of subjective emotions that painters experience from the subjective world.
Among the modern styles of paintings, 'Cubism' is popular. A precursor to abstract painting 'Cubic Paintings' introduced geometric shapes and figures as images. Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque and Marc Chagall are the noted painters of Cubism. Another famous painting style during the1920s was the 'Surrealistic Paintings'. The painters used beautiful images and incongruous juxtapositions to represent unconscious thoughts and dreams. The 'Dada Painting Styles' of the time of the First World War represented art works that conveyed a nihilistic attitude towards conventionalism. The paintings were a revolt against the aesthetic and contemporary style of art.
Abstract Painting is perhaps the most difficult and complex of all painting styles. Painting is portrayed in an objective and non-representational way through colors and lines. The paints are dropped, lined and smeared over the canvas generating an idea non-captured in image form. Jackson Pollock, Pier Mondrian and Barnett Newman are some famous abstract painters. Abstract Expressionism is an art movement of the post World War II. It emphasized the non-representational style of abstract art in a more audacious and dramatic way. Postmodern Art reflects the modern consumerism and the contemporary culture in the paintings. It rejects the elaborately narrative depictions of the modern art and emphasizes more on the insincerity and discontinuity that is more feasible in the present day.
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